Effectiveness of DEET & Non-DEET Repellents on Culex quinquefasciatus
Abstract
In this experiment the effectiveness of various mosquito repellents were tested. Mosquitoes are known to be carriers of numerous diseases, making repellents an important means of protection. Because of with the growing “anti-GMO” and “organic” trends this experiment tested the most common chemical repellent as well as “natural” repellents. The tested species of mosquito were in the family Culicidae (Culex quinquefasciatus). The C. quinquefasciatus used were reared in the lab to be test subjects for this feeding experiment. Out of the three repellents, only the one with diethyltoluamide, or DEET, appeared to have any noticeable effect on the feeding of mosquitoes. Non-DEET repellent appeared to have a significantly less effect on the feeding habits of C. quinquefasciatusReferences
"Comparative Efficacy of Insect Repellents against Mosquito Bites – NEJM." New England Journal of Medicine. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Apr. 2016.
"The Effectiveness of Permethrin and Deet, Alone or in Combination, for Protection against Aedes Taeniorhynchus." The Effectiveness of Permethrin and Deet, Alone or in Combination, for Protection against Aedes... N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Apr. 2016.
"Pharmacokinetics, Formulation, and Safety of Insect Repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet): A Review." Pharmacokinetics, Formulation, and Safety of Insect Repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide... N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Apr. 2016.
Rodriguez, Stacy D. "Journal of Insect Science."
The Efficacy of Some Commercially Available Insect Repellents for Aedes Aegypii (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes Albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Oxford University Press, 05 Oct. 2015. Web. 29 Apr. 2016.
Tseng, M. "A Simple Parafilm M-based Method
for Blood-feeding Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2003. Web. 28 Apr. 2016.
Alzogaray, RA. "Behavioral and Toxicological
Responses of Rhodnius Prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) to the Insect Repellents DEET and IR3535." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, Mar. 2016. Web. 29 Apr. 2016.
Nararak, J. "Avoidance Behavior to Essential
Oils by Anopheles Minimus, a Malaria Vector in Thailand." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2016. Web. 27 Apr. 2016.
Herholz, C. "Efficacy of the Repellent N,N-
diethyl-3-methyl-benzamide (DEET) against Tabanid Flies on Horses Evaluated in a Field Test in Switzerland." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2016. Web. 28 Apr. 2016
"Characterization and Mosquito Repellent
Activity of Citronella Oil Nanoemulsion." Characterization and Mosquito Repellent Activity of Citronella Oil Nanoemulsion. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Apr. 2016.
"Insect Repellent Use & Safety." Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 31 Mar. 2015. Web. 29 Apr. 2016.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Instars supports the need for authors to share, disseminate and maximise the impact of their research. We take our responsibility as stewards of the online record seriously, and work to ensure our policies and procedures help to protect the integrity of scholarly works.
License to the Journal. The Author hereby licenses to the Journal the irrevocable, nonexclusive, and royalty-free rights as follows:
a. The Journal may publish the Article in any format, including electronic and print media. Specifically, this license include the right to reproduce, publicly distribute and display, and transmit the Article or portions thereof in any manner, through any medium now in existence or developed in the future, including but not limited to print, electronic, and digital media, computerized retrieval systems, and other formats
b. The Journal may prepare translations and abstracts and other similar adaptations of the Article in furtherance of its publication of the Article.
c. The Journal may use the Author's name, likeness, and institutional affiliation in connection with any use of the Article and in promoting the Article or the Journal.
d. The Journal may exercise these rights directly or by means of third parties. The Journal may authorize third-party publishers, aggregators, and printers to publish the Article or to include the Article in databases or other services. [Examples of such third parties include Westlaw, Lexis, and EBSCO.]
e. The Journal may without further permission from the Author transfer, assign, or sublicense the rights that the Journal has pursuant to the Agreement.
f. In order to foster wider access to the Article, especially for the benefit of the nonprofit community, the Author hereby grants to the Journal the authority to publish the Article with a Creative Commons "Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives" license. [The Author should consult the Creative Commons website (www.creativecommons.org) for further information]
g. This liscense of rights to the Journal shall take effect immediately. In the event that the Journal does not publish the Article, this license to the Journal shall temrinate upon written notification by the Journal to the Author, or upon termination of all publication by the Journal. To the extent that moral rights may apply to the Article, this agreement does not affect the moral rights of the Author in or to the Article.
Rights of the Author. Without suggesting any limit on other rights that the Author may h ave with respect to the Article, the Author retains the following rights. To the extent that the Journal holds similar rights with respect to the Article consistent with this Agreement, the Author shall hold these rights on a nonexclusive basis. To the extent that the Article includes edits and other contributions by the staff of the Journal, the rights of the Author in this Paragraph include the right to use such edits and contributions.
a. The Author may publish the Article in another scholarly journal, in a book, or by other means. The Author may exercise this right of publication only after the date of first publication of the ARticle in the Journal in any format.
b. The Author shall, without limitation, have the right to use the ARticle in any form or format in connection with the Author's teaching, conference presentations, lectures, other scholarly works, and for all of Author's academic and professional acitvities.
c. The Author shall at any time have the fright to make, or to authorize others to make, a preprint or a final published version of the ARticle available in digital form over the Internet, including, but not limited to, a website under the control fo the Author or the Author's employer or through digital repositories including, but not limited to, those maintained by scholarly societies, funding agencies, or the Author's employer. This right shall include, without limitation, the right of the Author to permit public access to the Article as part of a repository or through a service or domain maintained by teh Author's employing the institution or a service as required by law or by agreement with a funding agency. The Journal may in its discretion deposit the ARticle with any digital repository consisten with deposits permitted by the Author under ths paragraph. [Examples of such repositories include SSRN, arXiv.org, PubMed Central, and Academic Commons at Columbia University.]
d. Any of the foregoing permitted uses of the Article, or of a work based substantially on the Article, shall include an appropriate citation to the Article, stating that it has been or is to be published in the Journal, with name and date of the Journal publication and the Internet address for the website of the Journal.
Editing of the Article. This Agreement is subject to the understanding that the ordinary editing processes of the Journal will be diligently pursued and that the Article will not be published by the Journal unless, in tis final form, it is acceptable to the Author and the Journal.
